PON1
LOCUS ID5444
GENE_SYMBOLPON1
GENE NAMEparaoxose 1
SYNONYMNSESA, PON, MVCD5
CHROMOSOME7
HOMOLOGENE ID68058
microRNAsNANA
GENE SUMMARY
The enzyme encoded by this gene is an arylesterase that mainly hydrolyzes paroxon to produce p-nitrophenol. Paroxon is an organophosphorus anticholinesterase compound that is produced in vivo by oxidation of the insecticide parathion. Polymorphisms in this gene are a risk factor in corory artery disease. The gene is found in a cluster of three related paraoxose genes at 7q21.3. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

OBSERVATIONS

Complication Evidence PMID
Nephropathy1. HDL-PON1 activity is decreased in type 2 diabetic patients with incipient or overt nephropathy, which relates to the reduced HDL antioxidative ability in protecting LDL from oxidation and increased peroxide in HDL19207863
Cardiovascular1. This study suggests that the presence of the 192Arg-allele in the PON1 gene is a genetic risk factor for microangiopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.19151417
Retinopathy1. This study suggests that the presence of the 192Arg-allele in the PON1 gene is a genetic risk factor for microangiopathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.15270786
Atherosclerosis1. In subjects with diabetes mellitus, PON1 is dysfunctional due to glycation, reducing its ability to retard LDL and cell membrane oxidation and contributing to the inflammation typical of diabetes, leading to the excess atherosclerosis common in this disease.20221877
Neuropathy1. Patients with peripheral neuropathy had a significantly higher Ox-LDL/apoB ratio than patients without this complication.The genotype TT of -108C/T polymorphism in the promoter region of the PON1 gene, which is associated with decreased PON1 expression, showed a significantly higher Ox-LDL/apoB ratio than genotypes TC or CCTT0.60 +/- 0.15, CT + CC0.55 +/- 0.11, P =.02)20221877
Dyslipidemia1. Serum PON1 levels decrease in states of high oxidative stress like metabolic syndrome, obesity, uncontrolled diabetes, and dyslipidemia.20221877
Insulin resistance and inflammation1. PON1 arylesterase activity decreased in general and central obesity, high blood pressure, and hyperinsulinemia conditions and correlated with BMI, CRP, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, free thiols, and HOMA in a gender-dependent manner.15015140