| GIP |
| LOCUS ID | 2695 | ||||||||||||||||
| GENE_SYMBOL | GIP | ||||||||||||||||
| GENE NAME | gastric inhibitory polypeptide | ||||||||||||||||
| SYNONYMNS | NA | ||||||||||||||||
| CHROMOSOME | 17 | ||||||||||||||||
| HOMOLOGENE ID | 3043 |
| microRNAs | NA | NA |
| GENE SUMMARY |
|---|
| This gene encodes an incretin hormone and belongs to the glucagon superfamily. The encoded protein is important in maintaining glucose homeostasis as it is a potent stimulator of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells following food ingestion and nutrient absorption. This gene stimulates insulin secretion via its G protein-coupled receptor activation of adenylyl cyclase and other signal transduction pathways. It is a relatively poor inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| OBSERVATIONS |
|---|
| Complication | Evidence | PMID |
| Cardiovascular | 1. Fasting GIP levels are higher in individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, stroke) when compared to controls. | 26395740 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1. GIP induces the expression of the pro-atherogenic cytokine osteopontin (OPN) in mouse arteries, via local release of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). | 26395740 |
| Neuropathy | 1. The incretin effect was impaired in both groups of diabetic patients. Autonomic neuropathy may further impair the incretin effect in DM2 through interference with GIP secretion or hepatic insulin extraction. | 18376350 |