INS
LOCUS ID3630
GENE_SYMBOLINS
GENE NAMEinsulin
SYNONYMNSIDDM, ILPR, IRDN, IDDM1, IDDM2, MODY10
CHROMOSOME11
HOMOLOGENE ID173
GENE SUMMARY
After removal of the precursor signal peptide, proinsulin is post-translationally cleaved into three peptidesthe B chain and A chain peptides, which are covalently linked via two disulfide bonds to form insulin, and C-peptide. Binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (INSR) stimulates glucose uptake. A multitude of mutant alleles with phenotypic effects have been identified. There is a read-through gene, INS-IGF2, which overlaps with this gene at the 5' region and with the IGF2 gene at the 3' region. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]