ACE
LOCUS ID1636
GENE_SYMBOLACE
GENE NAMEangiotensin I conver
SYNONYMNSDCP, ICH, ACE1, DCP1, CD143, MVCD3
CHROMOSOME17
HOMOLOGENE ID37351
microRNAsNANA
GENE SUMMARY
This gene encodes an enzyme involved in catalyzing the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active peptide angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasopressor and aldosterone-stimulating peptide that controls blood pressure and fluid-electrolyte balance. This enzyme plays a key role in the renin-angiotensin system. Many studies have associated the presence or absence of a 287 bp Alu repeat element in this gene with the levels of circulating enzyme or cardiovascular pathophysiolo

OBSERVATIONS

Complication Evidence PMID
Nephropathy1. Genetic variants in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and erythropoietin (EPO) have been associated with diabetic nephropathy.25656761
Cardiovascular1. ACE inhibition reduces the development of diabetes, improves these surrogate markers, and reduces cardiovascular disease and renal disease.12818733
Retinopathy1. We conclude that ACE levels are elevated in type II diabetes, chiefly in patients with retinopathy. This finding may reflect microvascular damage caused by secretion of ACE by the vascular endothelial cells.2157294
Neuropathy1. The presence of the D allele is associated with increased risk of peripheral neuropathy in females but not in male subjects with type 2 DM, suggesting a role for the renin-angiotensin system in the development of peripheral neuropathy (PN).16949519
Insulin resistance and inflammation1. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that VPP inhibits adipose inflammation in the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages, acting as an ACE inhibitor, thereby improving obesity-related insulin resistance.26346532