| Complication | Evidence | PMID |
| Nephropathy | 1. Urinary albumin (ALB) has been measured as a marker for the early detection of diabetic nephropathy.These results indicate that ALB in such patients is susceptible to structural changes due to disease-induced urinary factors and, thus, their urine contains ALB with an altered reactivity to antibody. | 19317217 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1. In addition, inflammatory cytokine levels were decreased only in azelnidipine group which possibly explains such beneficial effects of azelnidipine on urinary albumin excretion and carotid atherosclerosis. | 26388951 |
| Neuropathy | 1. In addition, the PS of gALB isolated from patients with diabetic polyneuropathy was significantly increased (P less than 0.0001) compared to the PS for ALB isolated from the same patients. | 1549585 |
| Retinopathy | 1. Insulin therapy and the GA/HbA1c ratio were significant independent variables for diabetic retinopathy. | 29649417 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that independently associated with the reduction in albumin to creatinine ratio (84.8 vs 28.7 ?g/mg creatinine) were amelioration of glycemic control (P < .001), blood pressure (P = .02), dyslipidemia (P = .02), and insulin resistance (P = .05). | 29649417 |
| Cardiovascular | 1. We then evaluated the relationship of ?BWmax-20y with the degree of urinary albumin excretion (UAE), which is a useful marker for CVD. | 21489578 |
