CYBB
LOCUS ID1536
GENE_SYMBOLCYBB
GENE NAMEcytochrome b-245, be
SYNONYMNSCGD, NOX2, IMD34, AMCBX2, GP91-1, GP91PHOX, p91-PHOX, GP91-PHOX
CHROMOSOMEX
HOMOLOGENE ID68054
microRNAsNANA
GENE SUMMARY
Cytochrome b (-245) is composed of cytochrome b alpha (CYBA) and beta (CYBB) chain. It has been proposed as a primary component of the microbicidal oxidase system of phagocytes. CYBB deficiency is one of five described biochemical defects associated with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). In this disorder, there is decreased activity of phagocyte DPH oxidase; neutrophils are able to phagocytize bacteria but cannot kill them in the phagocytic vacuoles. The cause of the killing defect is an ibil

OBSERVATIONS

Complication Evidence PMID
Retinopathy1. Moreover, apocynin treatment and deletion of NOX2 were equally effective in preventing diabetes-induced increases in ICAM-1, leukostasis, and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, suggesting that NOX2 is primarily responsible for these early signs of diabetic retinopathy.18378574
Cardiovascular1. CONCLUSIONS: These studies identify a proximal point of bifurcation in cardiac insulin signaling through the simultaneous activation of both NOX2 and NOX4. Each NOX isoform generates H2O2 in cardiac myocytes with distinct time courses, with H2O2 derived from NOX2 augmenting Akt-dependent metabolic effects of insulin, while H2O2 from NOX4 blocks beta adrenergic increases in inotropy. These findings suggest that insulin resistance in the diabetic heart may lead to potentially deleterious potentiation of beta adrenergic responses.28917508