GIP
LOCUS ID2695
GENE_SYMBOLGIP
GENE NAMEgastric inhibitory p
SYNONYMNSNA
CHROMOSOME17
HOMOLOGENE ID3043
microRNAsNANA
GENE SUMMARY
This gene encodes an incretin hormone and belongs to the glucagon superfamily. The encoded protein is important in maintaining glucose homeostasis as it is a potent stimulator of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells following food ingestion and nutrient absorption. This gene stimulates insulin secretion via its G protein-coupled receptor activation of adenylyl cyclase and other signal transduction pathways. It is a relatively poor inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. [provided by RefSeq,

OBSERVATIONS

Complication Evidence PMID
Cardiovascular1. Fasting GIP levels are higher in individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, stroke) when compared to controls.26395740
Atherosclerosis1. GIP induces the expression of the pro-atherogenic cytokine osteopontin (OPN) in mouse arteries, via local release of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and activation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB).26395740
Neuropathy1. The incretin effect was impaired in both groups of diabetic patients. Autonomic neuropathy may further impair the incretin effect in DM2 through interference with GIP secretion or hepatic insulin extraction.18376350
Insulin resistance and Inflammation1. GIP administration increased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and increased blood glucose in db/db mice. 25537494