HMGB1
LOCUS ID3146
GENE_SYMBOLHMGB1
GENE NAMEhigh mobility group
SYNONYMNSHMG1, HMG3, HMG-1, SBP-1
CHROMOSOME13
HOMOLOGENE ID110676
microRNAsNANA
GENE SUMMARY
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the High Mobility Group-box superfamily. The encoded non-histone, nuclear D-binding protein regulates transcription, and is involved in organization of D. This protein plays a role in several cellular processes, including inflammation, cell differentiation and tumor cell migration. Multiple pseudogenes of this gene have been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2

OBSERVATIONS

Complication Evidence PMID
Nephropathy1. These findings suggest that hyperglycemia-induced HMGB1 release may induce the renal injury in diabetic rats, and that the pathogenic role of HMGB1 might be dependent on RAGE and through activation of NF-kappa B.21606643
Cardiovascular1. This study demonstrates that increased serum HMGB1 level is associated with CAD in nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic patients.19150066
Retinopathy1. HMGB1 signalling pathway components including receptors for HMGB1 as well as NF-kappaB and TNFalpha/VEGF were significantly upregulated in type 2 diabetic retinas and in high glucose treated ARPE-19 cells, compared to their respective counterparts.24133029
Neuropathy1. These findings suggest that early retinal neuropathy of diabetes involves upregulated expression of HMGB1 and can be ameliorated by inhibition of HMGB1.24733965
Insulin resistance and inflammation1. HMGB1 was secreted from TNF-?-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes through JNK signaling. HMGB1-activated MAP kinases (ERK1/2, JNK) and suppressed insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 27430164