| Complication | Evidence | PMID |
| Nephropathy | 1. We identified 34 replicated genetic variants. Of these, 21 remained significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy in a random-effects meta-alysis. These variants were in or near the following genesACE, AKR1B1 (two variants), APOC1, APOE, EPO, NOS3 (two variants), HSPG2, VEGFA, FRMD3 (two variants), CARS (two variants), UNC13B, CPVL and CHN2, and GREM1, plus four variants not near genes. The odds ratios of associated genetic variants ranged from 0.48 to 1.70. additional variants were detected in subgroup alysesELMO1 (Asians), CCR5 (Asians) and CNDP1 (type 2 diabetes). | 21127830 |
| Retinopathy | 1. Data from our study show that TCF7L2-rs7903146 is associated with Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Caucasian T2DM and suggest that TCF7L2 promotes pathological retinal neovascularization via ER stress-dependent upregulation of VEGFA. 2. T2DM patients with retinopathy have higher levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines and VEGF compared to patients without retinopathy. These proinflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors are involved in the progression of DR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.? | 23434931 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1. VEGF dysfunction is implicated in major chronic disease states including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. | 25868665 |
| Neuropathy | 1. Intramuscular plasmid VEGF gene transfer improved diabetic neuropathic symptoms, meeting primary end-point criteria for efficacy but not affecting most secondary measures. 2. Importantly, single and repeat intramuscular injections of formulated plasmid D encoding the VEGF-A-activating ZFP-TF resulted in protection of both sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetes. These data suggest that VEGF-A-activating ZFP-TFs may ultimately be of clinical utility in the treatment of this disease. | 19399887 |
| Cardiovascular | 1. Rigorous analysis evidenced the association of VEGFA rs2010963 and SIRT1 rs7896005 with HDL-C and DBP respectively; these traits are known predictors of cardiovascular complications, which increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases in this population. | 30393491 |
